Control Method for Step Angle and Speed of Stepping Motor.

    Stepper motor is a common type of motor with precise control and positioning capabilities. The control of the step angle and speed of a stepper motor is an important aspect of achieving its precise motion. This article will introduce the step angle and speed control methods of stepper motors, helping readers better understand and apply stepper motor technology.
 

    Definition and significance of step angle
 

    Step angle refers to the angle at which each step of a stepper motor rotates. It is one of the basic parameters of stepper motor control and an important indicator to measure the accuracy of stepper motor control. The size of the step angle determines the accuracy of each motion and position control of the stepper motor.
 

    The size of the step angle depends on the structure and driving method of the stepper motor. Generally speaking, the smaller the step angle, the higher the motion accuracy of the stepper motor. Common step angles include 1.8 degrees, 0.9 degrees, and 0.45 degrees, among which 1.8 degrees is the most common standard step angle.
 

    Control method of step angle

    The control method of step angle can be achieved by changing the frequency and pulse number of the stepper motor drive signal. The following are several common step angle control methods:
 

    1. Full step mode: In full step mode, each stepper motor pulse causes the stepper motor to rotate by one step angle. In this mode, the rotation of the stepper motor is relatively stable, but the relative accuracy is relatively low.
 

    2. Half step mode: In half step mode, each stepper motor pulse causes the stepper motor to rotate by half a step angle. By switching between full step mode and immobility, higher resolution and smoother motion can be achieved.
 

    3. Microstepping mode: Microstepping mode is a more advanced step angle control method. By changing the amplitude and phase of the driving signal, the stepper motor can move at a smaller angle, achieving higher accuracy and smooth motion. Common micro step modes include 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, etc.
 

    The selection of an appropriate step angle control method depends on the specific application requirements and accuracy requirements. In practical applications, it is necessary to select and configure according to the model of the stepper motor and the characteristics of the driver.
 

    Speed control method
 

    The speed control of a stepper motor is an important link in controlling the rotational speed of the stepper motor. The following are several common speed control methods:
 

    1. Pulse frequency control: Control the speed by changing the pulse frequency of the stepper motor drive signal. Increasing the pulse frequency can increase the speed of the stepper motor, while reducing the pulse frequency can reduce the speed. This method is simple and feasible, but the range of speed adjustment is limited.
 

    2. Voltage regulation control: Control the speed by adjusting the voltage of the stepper motor driver. Increasing the voltage can increase the speed, while decreasing the voltage can decrease the speed. This method can achieve a wide range of speed adjustment, but it requires high performance of the driver.
 

    3. Closed loop control: Closed loop control is a more advanced speed control method that uses feedback devices such as encoders to monitor the actual speed of the stepper motor and make closed-loop adjustments based on the set target speed. This method can achieve more precise speed control and stability.
 

    Choosing a suitable speed control method requires considering factors such as the characteristics of stepper motors, application requirements, and the complexity and cost of the control system.
 

    The step angle and speed control method of a stepper motor is crucial for achieving precise motion control. The size of the step angle determines the motion accuracy of the stepper motor, and the speed control method can meet the speed requirements of different applications.
 

    When selecting the step angle and speed control method for stepper motors, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as application requirements, accuracy requirements, complexity and cost of the control system. Reasonable selection and configuration can maximize the performance of stepper motors, which are widely used in various application fields.