As a precise motion control component, stepper motors are widely used in various automation equipment. However, choosing the appropriate stepper motor is not an easy task and requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors. This article will introduce the key steps of selecting and calculating stepper motors, helping readers quickly grasp the matching of motor parameters and requirements, and choose the most suitable stepper motor for their own application.
Ⅰ、Clarify application requirements
Before conducting selection calculations, it is necessary to first clarify the application requirements, including:
1. Load torque: Determine the load torque that the motor needs to drive, which is the basis for selection calculation.
2. Operating speed: Determine the maximum operating speed required by the motor and the commonly used operating speed range.
3. Positioning accuracy: Determine the positioning accuracy required by the motor, such as step angle, repeat positioning accuracy, etc.
4. Operating environment: Determine the operating environment of the motor, such as temperature, humidity, corrosive gases, etc.
5. Working mode: Determine the working mode of the motor, such as continuous operation, intermittent operation, etc.
6. Power supply voltage: Determine the available power supply voltage and select the motor that matches it.
7. Cost budget: Determine an acceptable cost budget and select the motor with the highest cost-effectiveness while meeting performance requirements.
Ⅱ、Key parameter calculation
1. Load torque calculation:
○ Friction torque: Calculate the torque caused by friction.
○ Inertial moment: Calculate the moment caused by the inertia of the load.
○ Gravity moment: Calculate the moment caused by gravity.
○ Total load torque: Add up the above torques to obtain the total load torque.
2. Motor torque selection:
○ Safety factor: In order to ensure the reliable operation of the motor, it is usually necessary to choose a motor with a torque greater than the load torque and leave a certain safety factor (usually 1.5-2 times).
○ Motor torque curve: Check the motor torque curve to ensure that the motor can provide sufficient torque within the required operating speed range.
3. Selection of motor step angle:
○ Positioning accuracy: Select the appropriate step angle based on the required positioning accuracy. The smaller the step angle, the higher the positioning accuracy, but the greater the control difficulty.
○ Microstep: If higher positioning accuracy is required, microstep technology can be used to divide a whole step into multiple microsteps.
4. Motor size selection:
○ Installation space: Choose the appropriate motor size based on the available installation space.
○ Heat dissipation: Consider the heat dissipation of the motor and choose the appropriate motor size and heat dissipation method.
5. Drive selection:
○ Voltage and current: Choose a driver that matches the motor voltage and current.
○ Control mode: Choose an appropriate control mode, such as pulse control, serial communication control, etc.
○ Protection function: Select a driver with overvoltage, overcurrent, overheating and other protection functions.
The selection and calculation of stepper motors is a complex process that requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors. By clarifying application requirements, calculating key parameters, and selecting appropriate motors and drivers, one can quickly grasp the matching of motor parameters with requirements and choose the most suitable stepper motor for their own application. I hope this article can help readers better understand the selection and calculation of stepper motors, and achieve success in practical applications.
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